Some words can have both endings -ves or -s: Most words ending in "-f" or "-fe" change their plurals to "-ves" Pretty: prettier, prettiest but prettyish Happy + ness = - happiness, happily, happier, happiest
If a word ends in a consonant + Y, the Y changes to i (unless adding endings with "i" -ing -ish, which already begins with an i)īeauty + ful → beauti+ful = beautiful, beautify, beautician Changing the -y to -i when adding suffix endings. We keep the 'e' if the word ends in –CE or –GE to keep a soft sound, with able/ousĦ. We usually drop the final silent "e" when we add vowel suffix endings, for example: Occur (ocCUR) - occurring, occurred, occurrence This happens in longer words when the stress is on the final syllable:
Sit - sitter, big - biggest, tap - tapping, shop - shopper/shopping, fat - fatten, fattening, fatter, fattest. When a word has one syllable + 1 vowel next to 1 consonant we double up the final consonant with a vowel suffix: Put - putting, big-bigger, quiz - quizzes, swim - swimming. This was added centuries ago to stop the plural 's' clashing with these letters and it softens the 's' sound to a 'z' sound Adding -es to words ending in -s, -ss, -z -ch -sh -x If the word has a consonant before the ‘y’:ģ. (because we can't have three vowels in a row delaies x ) When the word ends in a vowel + y just add ‘s’ You might not know the spelling rule but you might know the spelling pattern - most people do. ( i before e rule) believe, achieve, (except after c),receive, ceiling (but not when c is sounded like sh) ancient, proficientīut there are exceptions always exceptions so watch out for them. " i before e except after a long c but not when c is a "sh" sound and not when sounded like 'a' as in neighbour or weigh." If you want a more detailed spelling rules course then check out my course on /spelling-rules-course for my in-depth spelling rules course with worksheets and exercises.īut what about ancient, leisure, neighbour/neighbor Let's look at the top ten rules in a very basic way with no exceptions just the bare bones of the rule. So even if you forget the rule, maybe you’ll remember the spelling pattern, and at least you hopefully will know why a spelling is the way it is. It’s always good to know why spelling is the way it, and knowing spelling rules is one of many strategies to help you spell well.
#SPELL HOPEFULLY HOW TO#
Unfortunately, the trouble with rules is you have to remember the rule! And which words work with the rule and the words that don’t!īut some people like learning rules, get a buzz out of finding out how to use them. Some people think if they learn a spelling rule they’ll be able to spell. Knowing spelling rules, and the exceptions to the rule, is a great strategy to help you understand why spelling is the way it is and helps you spell.
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